Kungabaqashelwa amakhanda emfazwana ezingaphakathi kwezindlu?

Ukugcina kwezindawo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemifula: Ingabe i-Hangar ingakwazi ukuba yisiphakamiso esifakiweyo?

Okuchazwe Ngokugcina Kwezimali Kanti Hangar Ingcinekile

Kumazone ezenzekelwe njenge R1, R2 kanye namanye, izilawuli zasekhaya zilandela ukuvumela indlu eyodwa kuphela noma maphakathi amancane njengegaraji, izindlu zokugcina, noma izikhangala ezincane. Lezinye iziphakamiso kumele zilindele ngaphezu kwesayizi futhi kungcono kulinganiselwe nendlu yabanzi. Xa abantu bathi na hangar ichaphazekile ngalawa mahulumeni, lizungezile kuthini okuchazwe njenge "isiphakamiso esifakiweyo" ngokomthetho wasekhaya. Ezinye izindawo zihlinza izici ezithile kufuneka ziqondise ukuthi lokho kufaka phakade.

• Oncane kusayizi kanye nesilinganiso likaNgqondo
• Isetshenziselwa ngcwele nguMniki Wepropathi ngokusebenzisa imithandazo yesivuno esingasiviki
• Iyafani neharhayi kanye nenhlakanipho yezindawo

Izindawo zokusebenza kwezimali zihlala zivumela ngokuvamile izigogo ngaphansi kwezimali (isibonelo, ngomshini wokudonsa izithelo), ngelixa kizindawo eziphansi kakhulu ezikhiyayeni zazingavumi lula—kodwa kudinga ukuvunyelwa okuthile. Izinto eziphathelene nendawo ebalulekile kufana nokhwebo, amandla okudingeka kude kumthombo womphakathi namadoda, kunye nokuthi kufaneleke kanjani nenkundla yemithombo yezimali.

Imigomo Yendawo, Izigaba Zokusebenza Ngokuhlanganisa, Kunye Nezindlela Zokuvunyelwa

Xa izigogo azivunyelwanga ngokucacileyo, igazini eliqinile lokusebenza (CUP) yindlela eqondile ekusetshenziswa ngalowo mbindi. Umsebenzi uhlala unikeza:

1. Ukunikezela kwebhokisi lendawo enobulungiswa ebonisa ukuthi kuyaqinisekisa ukuthi kukhethwe ubude, ububi, ububi, nezimpendulo
2. Imibizo yomphakathi ukuze ibuze imibuzo nempatho yeMphakathi
3. Imigomo yokusebenza eyambisayo—njengezikhathi zokuphuma komshini, izinkinga zokugcina ikhampani, noma izimpendulo zokuhlanjwa

Xa kumeleli wezindlu zihlala ngemiphumela yesimo sokwahlukana kwesibaya noma isikhala esahlukene, izivance zingasekuthuthela lezi zimiso ezithintekileyo ezifanayo nokuphakama kwezindlu noma izidingo zokuhluka. Manje amadulwa athile afananayo namaphoyisa ayedwa kumazwe aphathekile kakhulu ayenzela izindawo eziphathelene nezinsuku zomkhathi. Lezi ndawo zithile zenzela izimiso ezithile kuphela mayelana nezizwelela futhi kuthi zilandelwe njengoko zibalwa, zibonakale kanjani, nokusebenza kwazo ngexesha elinye. Ukubambisana nothuli lwesifundazwe kuqala kuyindlela eyodwa. Ngokushesha kakhulu umuntu angcabanga ngaloo mlando kabefore ekutholeni i-prints yekhophi, okunye kakhulu izothinta ukuthi iprojekthi yabo ingafanele konke abaningi bethu bafuna kakhulu futhi ibe nemeko yokuthola ivuli ngaphandle kokwenzeka kwamaphutha aphezu kwesiqendu.

FAA neHlobo Lokuqinisekisa: Ukuhamba Kusipho Somkhuze Nokudweba Izimvumo

I-FAA Ifomu 7460 Isaziso Nokohlaziywa Kwesimo Somkhuze

Amaphangela aphezulu kunezintathu ezimbili noma abakhwe ngemva yezindawo zokulanda izimoto zomshini kufuneka abhale i-FAA Form 7460-1, okubizwa ngokwesithembiso njengeSaziso sokukhula nokulungiswa. I-FAA iyadinga le fomu ukuze ibheke ukuthi kungaba kukhona into eyayikhipha indlela yokulanda nekuphuma kanye nokulanda kwizimoto zomshini. Kuzindlela zokulanda eziphakathi kwezintathu ezihlanu zezilanga zezindawo zokulanda izimoto zomshini, i-FAA ibheka lezinto ngokugcwele kakhulu. Iyafuna ukwazi mayelana nobuchwepheshe bokuthi kungaba kukhona inkinga yesithuthi, lokho abalandi bakhona bakhonza ukubona, nokuthi kuthinta kanjani abasebenzisa izixhobo ukulanda ngokuphelele. Ngokuvamile kuthatha ngezinye iintsuku eziyi-45 i-FAA ukuyibuyisela le ndaba ngale mpendulo, ngoko kunceda ukuthi uqalise ekudaleni. Uma umuntu athathe le ndlela, kungaba nakho imiphumela. I-FAA ingasiza amaphuzu angaphezulu kuka-$27,500 ngalolohlo lomhla akusayi kuhlali kwiimvume zalo ngendima yalo enombolo 7400.2.

Izingxenye Zophandle, Ukuphazamiseka, Nokulinganiselana Nezimali Zokukhlinzwa Kwesifazane

I-Federal Aviation Administration isetela izindlela zokuphakama ngokwesimo esiphakathi kakhulu komhlaba noma kuphi okufana ne-airport. Amakhanda apholile phakathi kwemiphefumulo engu-5,000 yeesandi ezaziqala ukusuka asengetshwa ukuphakama kangakanani kunezindlela ezingu-200. Izigaba siyophula kancane uma sikhuluma ngamandla angaphezu kwezindlela ezingu-10,000. Kodwa lala! Izihlalo zamaningi zazenzakalo zazo zalinye. Abantu abaninzi bahlala bathatha izigaba ezithile njenge-sheds noma amakhanda amancane emakhaya asemaphethelweni ukuze akwazi ukuphakama kangakanani kunezindlela ezingu-35. Lokhu kusho ukuthi wonke umuntu ozakha aphakathi kwe-airports kumele achazeke iigunya ze-federal kunye namanye amagugu ecity noma ecounty ahlukeneyo. Kukhona nokho izigaba zokuhlukanisa ezenza ukuthi amakhanda angalishiye kakhulu emathilweni apholile kwayo noma aqhake kakhulu kwindawo yesithuba sabantu. Ezinye iindawo zibaluleka ukuthi kube nenye indawo enezindlela ezingu-35 phakade phakathi kwamabhini omkhondo nemlinye wendawo eyayisemaphethelweni. Xa kufika ekugcineni, ukudizayina kuhle kubalulekile kakhulu lapha. Ukucinezela imilenze ngendlela eyahlukene, ukusebenzisa izinto ezingavamile ukuyibhaxa ubuso lwelanga, nokuseta amakhanda ngendlela ethembekile zonke lezo zenza ukuthi izihlalo zikwazi ukuzulazula ngokuhle ngelishwa ziyafaka kumphakathi.

Ukuzimiswa Kwesifundazwe: Ukulungisa Izinkinga Zokuphepha, Ngezansi Kakhulu Nezempilo Yomphakathi

Iziphumo Ezibonakalayo Ngokusho Kwempawu Neziphumo Ezithile Zokuphepha Zezimali Ezenzekelayo

Abantu abadlala emasuntwini amaphoyisa bahlupha mayelana nezimali ngamanye amandla - okwenzeka kungaba nguqobo lwezimali, izinkomba ezinokuthi zihluphe, noma nokuthi izimoto zingene. Kodwa bheka izilinganiso: izimali ezenziwe ngempumelelo ezingcwele ezelandelayo izimo zokuphepha zamanje ayizicingi ngaphezu kwemigodi yezimali zasekhaya. iFAA iyasebenza ngokunye naseNFPA ukuqinisekisa ukuthi le ndawo iphephe. Ithinta izinto ezithile njengezitanki eziningi ezimbili eziqinile ezivunyelwe nguUnderwriters Laboratories, izinhlelo zokulahla izinkomba eziphinde ziphinde ziqediwe ngokwamava eNFPA 409, nezakhiwo ezinzulwa kumagugu angayilahlwa ngokushesha. Kunezindlela eziningi ezengeziwe ukunciphisa izicingo, eziningi kazo ezitholakele ukuthi zisebenza emehlweni yempela.

• Izinhlelo zokufinyelela ezilungiswe ezingcineza ukungena kubantu abavunyelwe kuphela
• Ubude obuncane be-25-foot wobukhokho phakathi kwamanga wezimali namathuba
• Ukukhuseleka kwezivakashi zihlanguziwe ngokwizikhungo ze-NFPA 780

Loo ndlela yonke ihlanganisa ukuthula kwezimo neziphumo—kunika ukhuseleko njengendima yokuhlaziywa kwezikhowudi, akusizo kuphela.

Imithetho yokulahla umshumbi nokulungiselela izindlela zokusebenza kwehangar

Izinyawo zezityalo nezimchamo zokuhlanjulwa zihlenzela amandla woshumi above 85 dB(A), okungakhiye kuzindlu ezingaphakathi. Iindlela ezivumelekileyo zokulungiselela kufana:

• Imicabango yomshumbi fana nezilimi ezibamba umshumbi emzini nasephandle, kunye nezigidi ezihlaselweyo zomshumbi
• Ukulawula ukusebenza ngokwenza izenzekelo enobubi ngexesha lenyanga (umzekelo, AM 8–PM 6)
• Ukumisela izigidi ze-hangar ingaphandle kwezindlu zezakudlulwa ukuze kunciphise ukhuthaza kweshumi
• Ukwenza imbazo yesimo somshumbi ngexesha leminyaka ukuqinisekisa ukubuyelekela

Ukwenza izinyathelo eziphatha iqondo—njengezinhlelo zokuphuma kwegesi nezakhiwo zenhlangothi ezindwendwe zebhethone—kungasiza ekukhuliseni ukususa kwedubula ngaphakathi kwe-50–70%. Kuye kube khona, amadumini akhiwa kumele kungenzeka ukufaka lezi zidingo ezivelayo ngqo emavolumeni ethuli lokusebenza, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi yehhangara iyasebenza ngokulinganayo negunyathi olusezingeni elizayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ingaba ihhangara ingachazwa njengeyakhiwo eqondene nendlu?

Ibhala kuzidingo zomdabu. Ngokuvamile, ihhangara ingakhetha njengeyakhiwo eqondene nendlu uma ingaphezu kokwenzima kwekhaya elikholo, isetshenziswa kuphela nokuthutha ngokupersonal, futhi iyalingana nobuso bezindlela.

Yiziphi i-Condominal Use Permit (CUP) ngokwemvume yezihhangara?

I-CUP inika amandla okusebenzisa izimo azivumelekile ngokujwayelekile, njengezihhangara. Ngokuvamile kudinga ukuthumela izinkcazelo zendlawo, izibizo zombuso, nokuvuma kwezimo ezithile zomsebenzi.

Ziziphi i-FAA zidingo zokakha ihhangara edlule emnyango we-Airport?

Kuma hangara aphezu kwezifooti ezingu-200 noma ezingedlwanini kwezindawo zokulanda nekukhanya, kudingeka ukuthi uyangene ku-Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) ifomu 7460-1 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikwazi ukungena emkhawulweni wokulanda. Amakhishini okuphakama nokubuyisela kuhlehlwa ngokulinganayo kwizindawo zokulanda nekukhanya.

Ziziphi izindlela zokuphepha eziyothuthukiswa kuma hangara edlwanini nezindlu?

Izindlela zokuphepha kufaka phakathi itanki yomoya engenamphiko enziwe kabili etholakala ngu-UL, izinhlelo zokuphepha kokushisa ezingconyiwe ne-NFPA, inkampani yokungena, nokumelana okuphephako okude kakhulu kwezifooti ezi-25 phakathi kwehangara nezimboni zomndeni.

Singaphatha kanjani umsheshelo wohangara ema-residential areas?

Umshekelo ungahlakalakala ngokusebenzisa izici zokuhlakanipha, izigaba zokusebenza njengekuthintela imisebenzi emibi ngemikhawulo, nokudizayina kwehangara esetshenziswayo. Izinhlelo zokuphuma ezinezilimi nezandla ezinendiza ye-concrete zingakhusela umshekelo kakhulu.